Yala fɛn min bɛ se ka kɛ ni valve solide ye, o fanga bɛnnen don sanfɛ- tansiyɔnw ma wa?

Industriw ka baara la, valvew ye fɛn jɔnjɔnw ye minnu bɛ ji dili kɔlɔsi ani u bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ izini caman na i n’a fɔ petoroli, kemikɛli, ani kuran. Olu la, High-Dasuma-datugulanw ka kan ka baara kɛ cogo basigilen na High-Pressure sigidaw la, o la u yɔrɔ suguyaw ka baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw ka gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ. I n’a fɔ valve baara kɛcogo jɔnjɔn, hali ni valve solide ka fɛn fanga bɛ se ka bɛrɛbɛn ka se high-pressure valves ma, o kɛra iziniw ka jateminɛ sinsinnan ye.

Tablo de contents .

1. Baarakɛcogo tansiyɔn ni a kɛcogo ɲɛfɔliw ɲɛfɔli sanfɛ-Dɔgɔya valves .
(i) Degun ɲɛfɔli sariyaw .
(ii) Baarakɛcogo kunbabaw .
2. Aw bɛ aw jɔyɔrɔ jɔnjɔn sɔrɔ ka ɲɛsin solid valve mainheel ma .
(i) Baarakɛlaw ka fanga .
(ii) Lakanali sabatili .
3. wajibiw ka ɲɛsin fɛn barikama ma min bɛ sɔrɔ valve solide bolo la walasa a ka se ka ladamu sanfɛ-pressure valves .
(i) fanga caman sɔrɔli fanga wajibiyalenw .
(ii) Sɛgɛnbaliya ɲuman .
(iii) Bɛn ni fɛnba ye min bɛ se ka kɛ sanfɛ-pressure valves .
4. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛra fɛnw kan minnu bɛ kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ ani fanga baarakɛcogo min bɛ sɔrɔ solid valve handwheel .
(i) Nɛgɛmafɛnw .
(ii) Non-Nonfɛnw .
5. Industriw ka kunnafoniw dɔnniyaw ani ko kɛlenw sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
(i) Suguda baarakɛcogo kunnafoniw .
(ii) Kow sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
6. Fɛn wɛrɛ minnu bɛ nɔ bila fanga ladamuni na valve solide bololafɛnw na .
(i) fɛn dilanni taabolo .
(ii) Dilancogo sigicogo .
(iii) Baara kɛ ni sigida ye .
7. Industriw ka yiriwali taabolo n’a ɲɛtaa .
(i) R&D ani fɛn kuraw kɛli .
(ii) fɛn dilanni taabolo kura .
(iii) Kɔlɔsili ni ladonni hakilitigi .
8. Kuncɛli .

Baara tansiyɔn ni baarakɛcogo ɲɛfɔli minnu bɛ kɛ sanfɛ- tansiyɔnw na .

(i) Tansiyɔn ɲɛfɔli sariya .

Ka kɛɲɛ ni industry standard général ye, ni valve tɔgɔlama (PN) bɛ 10.0 - 80.0MPa hakɛ la, a bɛ ɲɛfɔ iko high-pressure valve. O degun hakɛ bɛ tɛmɛ valve gansanw ta kan, o kɔrɔ ye ko valve ka kan ka degun donibaw muɲu, wa a bɛ ɲinini caman kɛ ka tɛmɛn fɛn bɛɛ kan fanga, sigili ani baara wɛrɛw la minnu bɛ kɛ ka valve kɛ a bɛɛ lajɛlen na ani a yɔrɔw la.

(ii) Baarakɛcogo kunbabaw .

High-Tressure valves bɛ kɛ ka caya ko kɛlenw na i n’a fɔ tulu ni gazi bɔli ani a tacogo, kemikɛli synthèse reaction units, ani supercritical power generation systems in the power industry. Misali la, Long-Yɔrɔjan tulu ni gazi pibilikiw kɔnɔ, sanfɛ{3}}Tressure valves bɛ kɛ ka jibɔ kɔlɔsi ani ka tɛmɛ{4}} gazi walima gazi caman bɔli kan pibiliki kɔnɔ walasa ka fanga taacogo lakana ani ka sabati Kemikɛli synthèse reaction units kɔnɔ, high-pressure valves ka kan ka reaction materials doncogo ni a bɔcogo ɲɛnabɔ ka ɲɛ sanfɛ-temperature, high{{

A jɔyɔrɔba ye solid valve handwheel ye .

(i) Operation Force Transmission .

Valve baara senfɛ, baarakɛla bɛ bololabaara fanga ci ka taa Valve Transmission Mechanism fɛ ni a ye valve solide bololabɔli kɛ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka valve core bila ka da wuli, ka a datugu walima ka a ladilan. Bololabaarakɛlaw jiginni nɔgɔyali ani baarakɛminɛn fanga jiginni nafama bɛ nɔ bila valve baara nɔgɔya n’a tiɲɛni na.

(ii) Lakanali garanti .

Kɔrɔtɔko dɔw la, i n’a fɔ ni otomatiki kunnafoni-cimago-minɛn ma ɲɛ walima ni kɔrɔtɔko baara ka kan, solide valve handwheel ye lafasali sira laban ye bololabaara kama. Baarakɛla bɛ se ka jaabi teliya la ni bolola-nɛgɛ-minɛn jiginni ye ani ka a ka valve cogoya kɔlɔsi a waati la walasa a kana a yɛrɛ tanga fɛn dilanni kasaara ma walima lakana faratiw ma minnu bɛ sɔrɔ sebaliya fɛ ka sumanw baara.

wajibiyalenw ka ɲɛsin fɛn barikama ma min bɛ sɔrɔ valve solide bolokɔfɛfɛn na ka ɲɛsin sanfɛ-pressure valves .

(i) fanga caman sɔrɔli fanga wajibiyalenw .

Kɔnɔna tansiyɔnba min bɛ sanfɛ- tansiyɔn valves ka bon kosɛbɛ. Ni baarakɛla ye bolola-nɛgɛ-minɛn wuli walasa ka sumanmugu mara, bolokɔfɛ-minɛn ka kan ka se ka farikoloɲɛnajɛ fanga muɲu min bɛ sɔrɔ fɛnɲɛnamafagalan kɔnɔna tansiyɔn fɛ. Ni aw bɛ sanfɛla- tansiyɔn tɔgɔlama ta ni 40MPa ye misali la, baara kɛtuma na, bolokɔfɛfɛn bɛ se ka fanga sɔrɔ min bɛ se ka kɛ tɔni caman ye yɔrɔnin kelen. O b’a ɲini bololafɛnw fɛ, u ka fanga ka bon kosɛbɛ walasa ka a dɔn ko fɛn dɔw tiɲɛni, u kari ani u ka dɛsɛ wɛrɛw tɛ kɛ waati jan- waati la ani u bɛ to ka kɛ sanfɛ{7}} tansiyɔn jiginni na.

(ii) Sɛgɛnbaliya ɲuman .

Baara yɛrɛ la, sanfɛ-Dɔgɔya dakunw bɛ se ka da wuli ni dadon baara kɛ tuma caman, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka bolokɔfɛfɛn gɛlɛn kɛ degun cogo la min bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen-falen waati jan kɔnɔ. Jateminɛw y’a jira ko kemikɛli minɛn dɔw kɔnɔ, baara hakɛ min bɛ se ka kɛ sanfɛ- tansiyɔn jiginni na, o bɛ se ka se siɲɛ ba caman walima hali siɲɛ ba tan ma san kɔnɔ. O cogo la, bololafɛnw ka kan ka sɛgɛn ka ɲɛ walasa ka bolokɔfɛfɛnw bali ka tiɲɛ ka da sɛgɛn karilenw bɔli n’u bonya kan, o bɛ nɔ bila sumanw baaracogo la cogo nɔgɔman na.

(iii) Ka bɛn ni fɛnba ye min bɛ sanfɛ-Presse valve .

Walasa ka da tugulen bɛɛ lajɛlen baarakɛcogo n’a jɔcogo sabatili sabati, sumanmugu gɛlɛn bololabɔrɛ ka kan ka bɛn kosɛbɛ ni sanfɛla{0}}Dɔgɔya sumanw ka fɛnba ye. Misali la, sanfɛ- tansiyɔn daga dɔw la minnu dilannen don ni nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ, ni bololafɛn dilannen don ni fɛn ye min ni kuran-sɛnɛfɛnw danfara ka bon ni nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fiɲɛ bila yɔrɔ la min ka nɔgɔn ani min bɛ nɔgɔ, o bɛ dɔ bɔ valve baara ɲɛnamaya la ani a lakanani na.

Sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛra fɛnw kan minnu bɛ kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ ani fanga baarakɛcogo min bɛ sɔrɔ solide valve handwheel .

(i) Nɛgɛmafɛnw .

Karɔbɔni nɛgɛ : nɛgɛ karɔbɔlen fanga ka bon ani a baaracogo ɲuman, wa a ye fɛn ye min bɛ kɛ ka caya ka ɲɛsin sɔgɔlilan solide ma. Olu la, nɛgɛ min bɛ kɛ ni karɔbɔli ye, o bɛ se ka u fanga n’u gɛlɛya ɲɛ kosɛbɛ funteni furakɛli ɲuman kɔfɛ. Misali la, a fagalen kɔfɛ ani a funteni kɔfɛ, 45# nɛgɛ sɔrɔ fanga bɛ se ka se 355MPa ma ani tensile fanga bɛ se ka se 600MPa ma, o bɛ se ka kɛ ka fɛnw fanga wajibiyalenw dafa minnu bɛ kɛ ni tansiyɔn cɛmancɛ ni tansiyɔnba ye bolokɔniw kama. Nka, karɔbɔni nɛgɛ barika ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ sɔgɔli la. Tansiyɔnba valve application scenarios kɔnɔ ni media corrosifs ye, surface protection furakɛli i n’a fɔ galvanizing ani penti.

Inox : nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛ kɛ ka caya bolokɔniw dilanni na minnu bɛ kɛ ni tansiyɔnba ye k’a sababu kɛ a ka sɔgɔli kɛcogo ɲuman ye. Nɛgɛ 304 min tɛ sɔrɔ, o ka sɔrɔ fanga ka bon walima a bɛ bɛn 205MPa ma ani tension fanga min ka bon walima min bɛ bɛn 515MPa ma, wa a bɛ se ka masina jogo ɲumanw mara sigida caman na minnu bɛ se ka sɔgɔ. 316 nɛgɛdaga fanga ka bon ka tɛmɛ pitting ni crevice corrosion kan k’a sababu kɛ molybdenum farali ye, ni sɔrɔ fanga ye min ka bon ni 220 ye ani 22 ani 22 ani 22 ani 22 ani 22 ani 22 ani 220. A bɛ bɛn 580MPa ma, o b’a to a bɛnnen don kosɛbɛ-Dɔgɔya valve bololafɛnw na sigida gɛlɛnw na. Nka, nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o musaka ka bon kosɛbɛ, o bɛ dan sigi a ka baara belebele-skala la fo ka se hakɛ dɔ ma. .

Alloy Steel: Alloy Steel bɛ se ka fɛn bɛɛ lajɛlen nafama sɔrɔ ni a ye fɛn suguya caman fara a kan, i n’a fɔ chromium, nickel ani molybdenum. Misali la, 40crnimo alloy steel fanga ka bon, a ka gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ, ani a ka gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ. A ka sɔrɔ fanga ka bon walima a bɛ bɛn 835MPa ma ani a ka tension fanga ka bon walima a bɛ bɛn 980MPa ma, o bɛ se ka se ka fanga wajibiyalenw dafa ka ɲɛsin solid valve handwheel ma tansiyɔnba ni doni caman na. Nka, nɛgɛ nɛgɛmafɛnw sɔgɔli ni u dilanni fɛɛrɛ ka gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ, wa a musaka ka bon kosɛbɛ.

(ii) non-Motow ka fɛnw .
High-Strength Engineering Plastics: Dɔw-Strength Engineering Plastics, i n’a fɔ poliyetheretherketone (peek) ani polifenilɛni sulfide (PPS), olu fana y’a daminɛ ka baara kɛ ni bolokɔfɛfɛnw dilanni ye k’a sababu kɛ u fanga ka bon, u ka kemikaliya ka bon, u yɛrɛ bɛ se ka u yɛrɛ tanga. Ni i ye i ɲɛ Da misali kan, a ka 'sènbɔli fanga bɛ Se ka Se 90-100MPa ma. A bɛ se ka kɛ nɛgɛmafɛnw nɔnabila ye sanfɛ- tansiyɔn jiginni kɛcogo la minnu girinya ka kan ani minnu ka tansiyɔn ka dɔgɔn kosɛbɛ (i n’a fɔ 10-20mpa). Nka, ɛntɛrinɛti plastikiw ka funteni ni u ka sɛgɛn fanga ka dɔgɔ ka tɛmɛ nɛgɛw ta kan. Funteni ni tansiyɔnba ka baara kuntaalajan kɔnɔ, fɛn dɔw bɛ se ka tiɲɛ ani gɛlɛya wɛrɛw bɛ se ka kɛ. .

Fibre-Fɛɛrɛw faralen ɲɔgɔn kan minnu bɛ fanga sɔrɔ: Fibre-Freinforced Composite Materials, i n’a fɔ gilasi fibre reinforcé plastics (FRP) ani fibre de carbone reinforcées (CFRP), olu ka nafa ye fanga kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenba ye, u girinya ka nɔgɔn, ani u bɛ se ka fɛnw sɔgɔ. CFRP ka fanga bɛ se ka se 1500-4000MPa ma, nka a dilanni taabolo ka gɛlɛn, wa a musaka ka bon. Sisan, a man teli ka kɛ ni valve solide bololafɛnw ye. A bɛ kɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la foro kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw la minnu ka kan ka caya kosɛbɛ girinya ni baarakɛcogo la, i n’a fɔ tansiyɔnba bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ minnu na aerospace kɔnɔ.

Industriw ka kunnafoniw dɔnniyaw ani ko kɛlenw sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
(i) Suguda baarakɛcogo kunnafoniw .
Ka kɛɲɛ ni jatebɔw ye minnu bɔra suguya ɲininikɛlaw fɛ, High-Presse Valve sugu la, valve minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni karɔbɔli nɛgɛ solide valve bololanɛgɛw ye, olu bɛ kɛ 35% ɲɔgɔn ye, wa u bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ musaka{2}}hakilinaw la minnu bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye ani minnu tɛ fɛn caman tiɲɛ, i n’a fɔ izini pibiliki gansan dɔw Valve minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni bolokɔfɛfɛnw ye minnu tɛ sɔgɔ, olu bɛ kɛ 40% ɲɔgɔn ye, wa u bɛ kɛ ka caya iziniw kɔnɔ i n’a fɔ kemikɛli, dumuni ani minfɛnw minnu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw sɔgɔ; Valve minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni nɛgɛberew ye minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye, olu bɛ kɛ 15% ɲɔgɔn ye, wa u bɛ kɛ ka caya yɔrɔ kolomaw la i n’a fɔ tulu ni gazi bɔli ani kuran ni tansiyɔnba ani doni ka bon Valve minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni non-Nɛgɛw ye, olu bɛ kɛ hakɛ fitinin ye, 10% ɲɔgɔn, wa u bɛ sɔrɔ kosɛbɛ baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw la. .

(ii) Kow sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Porozɛ petoroli: petoroli baarakɛyɔrɔba dɔ ye baara kɛ ni sanfɛla caman- tansiyɔn tɔgɔlama ye min ka tansiyɔn tɔgɔla ye 32MPa ye a ka etilɛni dilanyɔrɔ kura jɔlen kɔnɔ. Olu cɛma, valve dɔw tun bɛ ni 316 inox solide valve handwheels ye. Unit operation daminɛ na, bolokɔniw sanfɛla sɔgɔli hakɛ fitinin dɔ kɛra, nka a ma nɔ bila bolokɔniw jɔcogo fanga n’u baara kɛcogo la. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɔfɛ, a y’a Sɔrɔ ko kulori ionw hakɛ dɔw bɛ minɛn in kɔnɔ, o min bɛ Kɛ sababu ye ka sɔgɔli dɔɔnin Kɛ bolola-nɛgɛ-minɛn na min tɛ sɔgɔ. Sosiyete ye sɔgɔli gɛlɛya ɲɛnabɔ ka ɲɛ ni saniya furakɛli cɛmancɛ barika bonya ye ani ka bololanɛgɛ sanfɛla kɛ. Bololabaarakɛla bɛ boli cogo basigilen na ka tɛmɛ san 3 kan. .

Seko ni dɔnko: porozɛ dɔ la min bɛ wele ko supercritique thermal power station, high{0}}pressure valve ka tansiyɔn tɔgɔlama bɛ se 60mpa ma. Porozɛ ye bolokɔfɛfɛn solide solide sugandi min dilannen don ni 40crnimo alloy nɛgɛ ye walasa ka sanfɛ-pressure ani high-Load baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw dafa. Kuranko baarakɛyɔrɔ baara senfɛ, bololanɛgɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli basigilen tɛ min na tuma bɛɛ, fiɲɛ si ma sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ fɛn dɔw tigɛli ani kariw ma sɔrɔ bolokɔfɛfɛn na, o min ye daji baara dannaya n’a lakanani sabati ani ka dɛmɛ barikama di kuran sɔrɔyɔrɔ sabatili ma.

Fɛn wɛrɛ minnu bɛ nɔ bila fanga ladamuni na solid valve handwheel .

(i) fɛn dilanni taabolo .

Bololabaarakɛla ka fɛn dilanni taabolo bɛ nɔba bila a kɔnɔfɛnw fanga la. Misali la, bolokɔfɛfɛn min dilannen don ni fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min ka bon kosɛbɛ; Hali ni foronto kɛcogo bɛ se ka nɛgɛfɛn ka fibre jɔcogo kɛ min bɛ tila fanga sira fɛ, ka bolokɔniw fanga n’u gɛlɛyali ɲɛ ka taa a fɛ. Ka fara o kan, funteni furakɛli taabolo fana ye fɛnba ye min bɛ kɛ ka bolokɔniw ka baarakɛcogo ɲɛ. Funteni furakɛli bɛnnen bɛ se ka fɛnw kɔnɔna degunw ban, ka fɛnw labɛncogo ɲɛ ka ɲɛ, ani k’a ka baara kɛcogo bɛɛ lajɛlen ɲɛ. .

(ii) Dilancogo sigicogo .

Ni bolola-nɛgɛso dilanni cogoya bɛ bɛn a fanga tilacogo n’a fanga baarakɛcogo ma baarakɛtuma na. Spokew hakɛ ni u bonya hakɛ bɛnnen ani ɲɔgɔndan fɛɛrɛ min bɛ hubu ni rim cɛ, o bɛ se ka bolokɔni ka degun tilali kɛ kelen ye ni a kɛra baarakɛ fanga ye, ka i yɛrɛ tanga degunw hakɛ sɔrɔli ma, ani o cogo la ka bolokɔni fanga ni dannaya bɛɛ lajɛlen ɲɛ. Misali la, valve solide valve bolola ni multi-spoke ani arc{-shaped spoke designs bɛ se ka degunw jɛnsɛn ka ɲɛ ani ka bolokɔfɛfɛnw ka biriki seko ɲɛ ni i ye a suma ni laadala kumakan tilennen dilancogo ye.

(iii) Baara kɛ ni sigida ye .
Bololabaarakɛla ka baarakɛcogo sigida, i n’a fɔ funteni, nɛnɛ, fɛn min bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw sɔgɔ, a ɲɔgɔnnaw, o fana bɛna nɔ bila a ka fɛnw fanga ladamuni na. Ni funteni ka bon sigida la, nɛgɛmafɛnw fanga bɛ se ka dɔgɔya, k’a sɔrɔ non-nɛgɛfɛnw i n’a fɔ ɛntɛrinɛti plastikiw bɛ se ka nɔgɔya ani ka u tiɲɛ; Lamini na min ka nɛnɛ ani min bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ, nɛgɛmafɛnw bɛ se ka sɔgɔ, o bɛ na ni fanga dɔgɔyali ye. O la, ni aw bɛ bololabɔlan solide ka fɛn sugandi, a ka kan ka baara kɛcogo sigida fɛnw jateminɛ ka ɲɛ ani ka lakana fɛɛrɛw ta minnu bɛ bɛn o ma, i n’a fɔ funteni sɛgɛsɛgɛli ani anti-corrosion coatings.

Industriw ka yiriwali taabolo ani Outlook .
(i) Ka ɲinini ni yiriwali baara kɛ ni fɛn kuraw ye .
Ni fɛnw dɔnniya yiriwali bɛ senna, High-Strength, Corrosion-Sistant, ani High-Semperature Resistant Materials bɛna to ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan ani ka baara kɛ ni solid valve handwheel dilanni ye. Misali la, fɛn minnu nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ i n’a fɔ nanokompozitiw ani fɛn kuraw, olu bɛna kɛ sababu ye ka bololafɛnw fanga n’u baara kɛcogo bɛɛ lajɛlen ɲɛ ka taa a fɛ ani ka baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw dafa ka taa a fɛ minnu bɛ ka gɛlɛya ka taa a fɛ. O waati kelen na, R&D baarakɛlaw fana bɛ ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ fɛnw kan minnu bɛ sigida lakana i n’a fɔ BIO-Fɛn minnu sinsinnen bɛ ani fɛn minnu bɛ se ka tiɲɛ bololafɛnw dilanni na walasa ka se ka yiriwali sabatilen sɔrɔ o baara in na. .

(ii) fɛn dilanni taabolo kura .
Fɛn dilanni taabolo kɔrɔlenw waleyali bɛna kɛ fɛɛrɛ nafama ye walasa ka bolokɔfɛfɛn solide ka ɲumanya n’a baara kɛcogo ɲɛ. 3D sɛbɛnni fɛɛrɛ bɛ se ka bololabaarakɛlaw ka ladamuni kɛcogoyaw ni fɛn gɛlɛnw dilanni kɛcogo ɲɛnabɔ, ka fɛnw baaracogo ɲɛ ani ka fɛn dilanni nafa bonya Nizɛri fɛn dilanni fɛɛrɛ bɛ se ka fɛn dilanni taabolo kɔrɔsi tigitigi sɔrɔ ani ka bololanɛgɛ hakɛ tiɲɛni n’a jogo sabatili sabati. Ka fara o kan, yɔrɔ furakɛli fɛɛrɛ kuraw, i n’a fɔ joli fiyɛli ni laserw, olu bɛ se ka ɲɛda gɛlɛya, ka sɛgɛnbaliya ni sɔgɔli kɛcogo ɲɛ ka ɲɛ kosɛbɛ, k’a sɔrɔ a ma bolokɔni bɛɛ lajɛlen fɛn caman Changer.

(iii) Kɔlɔsili ni ladonni hakilitigi .
Don nataw la, solid valve handwheel bɛna yiriwa hakili siratigɛ la, ka hakilitigiw ka fɛnw don ɲɔgɔn na i n’a fɔ sensɛriw walasa ka degun cogoya, funteni, nɔgɔ ani bolokɔfɛfɛn wɛrɛw kɔlɔsi waati yɛrɛ la. Fɛnw ka Ɛntɛrinɛti fɛ, kɔlɔsili kunnafoniw bɛ ci yɔrɔjan kunnafoniko siratigɛ la walasa ka se ka bololabaara kɛcogo jateminɛ tiɲɛ na- waati ni fili lasɔmini waati la. O tɛ se ka gɛlɛya minnu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ bololafɛnw fanga dɔgɔyali ka kɔn o ɲɛ, ani ka ladonni ni fɛn falenni kɛ waati kɔnɔ, o dɔrɔn de dɔn, nka u bɛ kunnafoniw dɛmɛ fana bolokɔfɛfɛnw sugandili n’u sugandili la, ani ka sanfɛla dannaya ni lakana bɛɛ lajɛlen ɲɛ ka ɲɛsin sanfɛla ma{{3} degunw na.

Kuncɛli
Yala bolola-nɛgɛso solide fanga bɛ se ka ladamu sanfɛ-Disɔgɔ-datugulanw na, o ye ko gɛlɛn ye min bɛ tali kɛ fɛn caman na i n’a fɔ fɛnw sugandili, u dilanni taabolo, u dilanni sigicogo ani u baaracogo sigida. Fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ, olu ka baarakɛcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛ, izini kunnafoniw faamuyali ani ko lakikaw kalanni fɛ, a bɛ se ka ye ko fɛn suguya wɛrɛw ka bololafɛnw bɛ se ka fanga wajibiyalenw dafa fo ka se hakɛ dɔ ma u ka baarakɛcogo la min bɛ se ka kɛ sanfɛ- degunw ye. Nka, ni iziniw ka fɛɛrɛbɔ yiriwali bɛ senna, baarakɛcogo minnu bɛ kɛ ni sanfɛla ye- tansiyɔnw bɛna kɛ fɛn gɛlɛnw ye, ani fɛn caman bɛna kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka bonya ka taa a fɛ. Industriw baarakɛlaw ka kan k’u janto kosɛbɛ fɛn kuraw ni taabolo kuraw yiriwali la, ani ka to ka bololafɛnw dilanni n’u dilanni kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ walasa ka a jira ko bolokɔfɛfɛn solide bɛ baara kɛ tuma bɛɛ ni baarakɛcogo ni lakana garanti jɔyɔrɔ ye min bɛ se ka da a kan ani min bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ.

Ninnu ye kunnafoni tabali ye min ɲɛsinnen bɛ solid valve handwheel materials ma: